The transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), which can focus an electron beam to a nanometer size, is an indispensable tool not only for observing microstructures, but also for developing advanced materials for compositional analysis and electron bonding state measurement. In recent years, aberration correction technology for electromagnetic lenses has been put to practical use, and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), which incorporates the latest technology, is now capable of single-element column-level analysis. In this lecture, I will introduce the history of transmission electron microscope development and its applications.

　Just like us humans, plants get sick. Fungi, bacteria, and viruses are known to cause plant diseases, but there are no effective drugs for viruses. We will introduce the evolution of viruses, which try to express as many gene products as possible from a small genome, and their control.

　In this presentation, we will discuss the sensory evaluation and design support of operation switches using virtual reality, unconstrained heart rate cycle measurement for driver's alertness evaluation, and a communication method that uses the human body as part of the transmission channel, as efforts to enhance the operability and safety of machines used by people and to add value.