What is a standard, and what is a standard anyway? Why do we need to acquire international standards? Isn't it irrelevant for research-oriented universities? Isn't it wrong to be Galapagos? Why is Japan lagging behind in international standards? Using advanced medical technology as an example, we will show examples of conceptualization and definitions of terms necessary for standards, explain the Galapagos state using the concept of modularization, and consider the necessity and advantages and disadvantages of standardization.

There are a variety of luminescent organisms on earth. Fireflies, one of the most famous luminescent organisms, are thought to use bioluminescence as a tool for communication by controlling the rhythm of their light emission. Although there are many famous luminescent organisms on land, the kingdom of luminescent organisms exists in the sea, where we do not usually see them. In this talk, I would like to consider how luminescent bacteria communicate with each other and with whom in the ocean, focusing on the color of the light they emit. I will also discuss the latest findings on the use of light energy by marine bacteria using rhodopsin, and introduce how marine microorganisms use light.

The electric power system, which is a supply system of electric energy, is a huge system consisting of various and huge number of components, and the events to be analyzed occur over a wide time domain. This presentation will introduce the technologies and approaches for simulating such power systems.