However, it has become clear that the biological picture of cancer, including proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to treatment, is not only determined by genetic changes in cancer cells, but is also greatly influenced by the microenvironment in which cancer tissues are constructed. In this seminar, we will discuss the role of the microenvironment in the construction of cancer tissue. In this seminar, we will discuss the origin of stromal cells that construct cancer tissues, their interactions with cancer cells, and the actual cancer microenvironment, and explain a new way of understanding "cancer" that includes the cancer microenvironment.

This paper discusses the social mechanisms of decision-making that structurally maintain disparities in resource allocation, based on the results of a project research project for the promotion of social science (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science). This research is characterized by the fact that it brings together researchers in the discrete fields of resources, infrastructure, and poverty in an academic fusion with a strong awareness of shared methodologies, and presents policy hypotheses essential for the formation of a sustainable society by relating resource/infrastructure development as a distributional issue to the environment, poverty, and social justice. The seminar will focus on the use of technology as a tool for the development of sustainable societies. The seminar will introduce case studies of JICA and JBIC ODA projects, emphasizing that technology is not seen as a means to solve problems with a given objective in the conventional engineering or economics sense, but as a medium that influences the criteria for organizing society.

In order to utilize a large amount of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, the output of which is left up to the weather, the world has begun to study the construction of smart grids. This article provides an overview of smart grids suitable for Japan, introducing recent research examples.