The richness of the biodiversity of coral reefs is well known. These coral reefs are considered to be supported by the symbiotic relationship with microalgae that provides their photosynthetic products to corals while the host corals render nutrition and habitats to the algae. Nevertheless, the relationship is not simple if we focus on the exchanges of matters between host animals and symbiotic algae. This seminar introduces research on symbiotic relations with photosynthesis and discusses what it is to understand the complex nature.

Natural radiation and radioactive materials have been existing since before the first humans appeared. What is the relationship between humans and natural radiation in everyday life? This seminar outlines the mechanism of the relationship and “quantity.”

High-energy particles in plasmas cause morphological transformation on the surface of various materials. This seminar will focus on helium-metal interactions that cause unique influence, their impacts in a fusion reactor, and the application for fabricating high-performance materials utilizing their effects will be explained.